INVESTIGATION OF THE ACTIVITY AND STABILITY OF NICKEL HYDROGENATION CATALYSTS PREPARED VIA MECHANOCHEMICAL ACTIVATION
Abstract
This study investigates the activity and stability of nickel catalysts synthesized via mechanochemical activation (MA) in the liquid-phase hydrogenation of diethyl maleate (DEM). It is shown that normalized initial reaction rates at conversion levels below 5% serve as a reliable indicator of catalytic activity and allow for accurate calculation of the turnover frequency (TOF). The number of active sites was determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Catalyst stability was evaluated based on the time required for the activity to decrease by half, with subsequent calculation of the turn-over number (TON). The MA-prepared catalysts outperformed both commercial Raney nickel and analogous Ni/SiO₂ catalysts synthesized by the impregnation method in terms of activity and durabil-
Инженерно- технические науки – машиностроение и технологии
Современные наукоёмкие технологии. Региональное приложение. №3(83) 2025 161
ity. The highest stability was demonstrated by the Ni (25 wt.%)/SiO₂ catalyst modified with NH₄NO₃ (TOF = 0.50 s⁻¹, TON = 12307), attributed to enhanced metal dispersion and stronger metal–support interaction. Increasing the nickel content, the energy input during MA, and the use of NH₄NO₃ as a modifier were all found to promote catalyst stability. The MA method enables precise control over the structural and textural properties of catalysts, reduces resource consumption and waste generation, and holds strong potential for industrial applications in hydrogenation processes.
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